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God made a covenant of promise with Abraham that all nations would be blessed through his seed. (Gen12:1-3) This covenant was unilateral, meaning it was an agreement between two parties, God and Abraham, in which only one of the parties has the responsibility to act. In this agreement only God has that responsibility to fulfill the promise. The covenant had three main parts. The promise of land (Gen 12:1) which turned out to be Canaan (Gen12:6-7). The promise of descendants as numerous as the sand on the seashore who would bless the whole earth, and that his descendants would become a great nation with mighty kings. (Gen17:6) And that God would bring blessing and redemption to all people through Abraham's people. God made this promise again to Isaac (Gen 21:12; 26:3-4) and Jacob (Gen 28:14-15)
The covenant given at Sinai was bilateral, a covenant of obligation, and had to do with keeping the land. This did not annul the covenant of promise with Abraham, but it was through this temporary covenant of Law and obligation that the covenant of Abraham was being fulfilled. In the Sinai covenant were laws concerning the approach to God in worship of Him, something a sinful man cannot do. These are found in the Levitical priesthood laws and regulations. It is in this portion of the Law that we most vividly see the shadows and types of Christ who fulfills the Abrahamic covenant of promise. The animal sacrifices provided a temporary covering for sins of the people approaching God, that they might do so. It adhered to the decree of God, "Without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness." All the duties of worship were performed by the tribe of Levi, the sacrifices attended by priests, the sacrifice of atonement, by only the high priest, and once a year. Only the high priest could enter the Holy of Holies where the presence of God dwelt, and that once a year. And he had to first make atonement for his own sin.
The purpose was for sinful man, who cannot approach a holy God, to be able to do so. It was necessary for God in His mercy and forbearance to provide this means in order for His decrees and His promises to Abraham to be fulfilled according to His plan of redemption as it moved forward to the promise of the Seed. Now that the seed has come, a way of true and perfect righteousness through which mankind can come into the presence of God has been provided, apart from temporary means.
Jesus performed the perfect righteousness that is required to dwell with God, then laid down this righteousness on the cross carrying vicariously the sins of His people, paying the just requirement for them, death. But because there was no fault, no blemish, in Him, He rose again to life and returned to the Father. as priest and king. For all those who put their trust in Him, His righteousness is counted as their own, and they can come before His very throne of grace, to receive grace and mercy in their time of need. Hebrews 4:14-16 Seeing then that we have a great High Priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast our confession. For we do not have a High Priest who cannot sympathize with our weaknesses, but was in all points tempted as we are, yet without sin. Let us therefore com boldly to the throne of grace, that we may obtain mercy and find grace to help in time of need.
The covenant given at Sinai was bilateral, a covenant of obligation, and had to do with keeping the land. This did not annul the covenant of promise with Abraham, but it was through this temporary covenant of Law and obligation that the covenant of Abraham was being fulfilled. In the Sinai covenant were laws concerning the approach to God in worship of Him, something a sinful man cannot do. These are found in the Levitical priesthood laws and regulations. It is in this portion of the Law that we most vividly see the shadows and types of Christ who fulfills the Abrahamic covenant of promise. The animal sacrifices provided a temporary covering for sins of the people approaching God, that they might do so. It adhered to the decree of God, "Without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness." All the duties of worship were performed by the tribe of Levi, the sacrifices attended by priests, the sacrifice of atonement, by only the high priest, and once a year. Only the high priest could enter the Holy of Holies where the presence of God dwelt, and that once a year. And he had to first make atonement for his own sin.
The purpose was for sinful man, who cannot approach a holy God, to be able to do so. It was necessary for God in His mercy and forbearance to provide this means in order for His decrees and His promises to Abraham to be fulfilled according to His plan of redemption as it moved forward to the promise of the Seed. Now that the seed has come, a way of true and perfect righteousness through which mankind can come into the presence of God has been provided, apart from temporary means.
Jesus performed the perfect righteousness that is required to dwell with God, then laid down this righteousness on the cross carrying vicariously the sins of His people, paying the just requirement for them, death. But because there was no fault, no blemish, in Him, He rose again to life and returned to the Father. as priest and king. For all those who put their trust in Him, His righteousness is counted as their own, and they can come before His very throne of grace, to receive grace and mercy in their time of need. Hebrews 4:14-16 Seeing then that we have a great High Priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast our confession. For we do not have a High Priest who cannot sympathize with our weaknesses, but was in all points tempted as we are, yet without sin. Let us therefore com boldly to the throne of grace, that we may obtain mercy and find grace to help in time of need.